二、炔烃的物理性质

在正炔烃的同系列中，C2～C4的炔烃是气体，C5～C15的是液体，C15以上的是固体。炔烃的熔点和沸点也随着碳原子数目的增加而增高（表11-5）。

表11-5炔烃的物理常数

名称	构造式	熔点/℃	沸点/℃	相对密度(d204)
乙炔	HC≡CH	-81.8	-83.6	-
丙炔	CH3C≡CH	-101.51	-23.2	-
1-丁炔	CH3CH2C≡CH	-122.5	8.1	-
2-丁炔	CH3C≡CCH3	-32.3	27	0.691
1-戊炔	CH3(CH2)C≡CH	-90	29.3	0.695
2-戊炔	CH3CH2C≡CH	-101	55.5	0.714
1-己炔	CH3(CH2)3C≡CH	-132	71	0.715
2-己炔	CH3(CH2)2C≡CH	-88	84	0.730
3-己炔	CH3CH2C≡CCH3	-51	81.8	0.724
1-庚炔	CH3(CH2)4C≡CH	-81	100	0.734
2-庚炔	CH3(CH2)3C≡CCH3	-	112	0.748
3-庚炔	CH3(CH2)2C≡CCH3	-	105	0.752
1-辛炔	CH3(CH2)5C≡CH	-80	125.2	0.746
2-辛炔	CH3(CH2)4C≡CCH3	-60.2	137.2	0.759
3-辛炔	CH3(CH2)C≡CCH2CH3	-105	133	0.752
4-辛炔	CH3 (CH2) 2C≡C(CH2)2CH3	-102	131	0.751
1-壬炔	CH3(CH2)6C≡CH	-65	160.7	0.760
2-壬炔	CH3(CH2)5C≡CCH3	-	155747	0.769
3-壬炔	CH3(CH2)4C≡CCH2CH3	-	154745	0.762
4-壬炔	CH3(CH2)3C≡C(CH2)2CH3	-	152752	0.757
1-癸炔	CH3(CH2)7C≡CH	-44		0.765
3-癸炔	CH3(CH2)5C≡CCH2CH3	-		0.765