三、内脏神经 Third, the splanchnic nerve
（一）内脏运动神经 (A) visceral motor nerve
内脏运动神经又称自主神经，亦称植物性神经。 Visceral motor nerve, also known as autonomic nerves, also known as autonomic nerves. 包括交感神经和副交感神经。 Including the sympathetic and parasympathetic.
1． 1. 交感神经 Sympathetic
(1)低级中枢 (1) low-level center
位于T 1 ~L 3 脊髓节段灰质的侧角。 Located on the side angle T 1 ~ L 3 spinal segment gray matter.
(2)周围部分 (2) the peripheral portion
包括交感神经节和节前、节后纤维。 Including sympathetic ganglia and preganglionic, postganglionic fibers.
1)交感神经节 1) sympathetic ganglia
包括22~24对椎旁节和椎前节（主要有腹腔神经节、肠系膜上、下神经节等）。 Including 22 to 24 pairs of paravertebral and prevertebral festival festival (mainly celiac ganglion, superior mesenteric ganglion, etc.).
2)节前纤维 2) preganglionic fibers
由低级中枢发出，较短。 Issued by the low-level center, is shorter.
3)节后纤维 3) postganglionic fibers
由交感神经节发出，较长。 Issued by the sympathetic ganglia, longer.
(3)交感神经分布见表11-4。 (3) sympathetic distribution in Table 11-4.
2． 2. 副交感神经 Parasympathetic nerve
(1)低级中枢 (1) low-level center
位于S 2~4 脊髓节段的副交感神经核、脑干副交感神经核。 Located parasympathetic nucleus, brainstem parasympathetic nucleus S 2 ~ 4 spinal segment.
(2)周围部分 (2) the peripheral portion
包括副交感神经节和节前、节后纤维。 Including festivals and preganglionic parasympathetic postganglionic fibers.
1)副交感神经节 1) parasympathetic ganglia
包括器官旁节和器官内节。 Including internal organs and organ festival next section.
2)节前纤维 2) preganglionic fibers
由低级中枢发出，较长。 Issued by the low-level center, is longer.
3)节后纤维 3) postganglionic fibers
由副交感神经节发出，较短。 Issued by the parasympathetic ganglia, is shorter.
表11-4 Table 11-4
交感神经副交感神经比较 Compare sympathetic parasympathetic
低级中枢 Low-level center | 周围神经节的位置 Position around the ganglion |
节前纤维与节后纤维的比较 Compare preganglionic fibers and postganglionic fibers | 分布范围 Distribution | |
交感神经 Sympathetic | 脊髓胸1～腰3节段的侧角 Thoracic spinal lumbar lateral horn 1 to 3 segments | 脊柱的两旁或脊柱的前方 Front on both sides of the spine or spinal column | 节前纤维短 Short preganglionic fibers 节后纤维长 Postganglionic fiber length | 分布范围广，一般认为除布于胸、腹、盆腔器官外，尚遍布头颈器官、全身的血管、皮肤的汗腺和竖毛肌 Wide distribution, is generally believed that the cloth in the chest, abdomen, pelvic organs, but still around the head and neck organs, the body's blood vessels, skin, sweat glands and hair shaft muscle except |
副交感神经 Parasympathetic nerve | 脑干内的副交感神经核脊髓骶2~4节段的骶副交感核 Sacral parasympathetic nucleus sacral parasympathetic nucleus of spinal cord sections 2 to 4 of the brainstem | 位于所支配器官的附近或壁内 Located near or within the wall of the organ dominated | 节前纤维长 Preganglionic fiber length 节后纤维短 Short postganglionic fibers | 不及交感神经分布范围广，一般认为大部分血管、汗腺、竖毛肌无副交感神经分布 Less sympathetic wide distribution, is generally believed that most of the blood vessels, sweat glands, hair shaft muscle without parasympathetic distribution |
副交感神经 Parasympathetic nerve
副交感核是中枢 Parasympathetic nucleus is central
脑干骶髓分两部 Brainstem sacral two points
器管旁节壁内节 Paraganglion tube wall section
前长后短太突出 Before long after short too prominent
血管汗腺立毛肌 Piloerection muscle vascular glands
肾腺髓质管不住 Adrenal medulla uncontrollable
（二）内脏感觉神经 (B) the visceral sensory nerves
内脏感觉神经与躯体感觉神经相比有以下特点： Visceral sensory nerve somatosensory nerves compared with the following characteristics:
1． 1. 强烈运动可引起感觉。 Intense exercise can cause feelings.
2． 2. 对切割不敏感，对牵拉、膨胀、缺血等敏感。 Cutting is not sensitive to stretch, swell, ischemia and other sensitive.
3． 3. 定位模糊。 Vague position.