第三节 Section
脑和脊髓传导通路 Brain and spinal cord pathways
一、感觉传导路 First, sensory conduction path
（一）躯干和四肢深感觉传导路 (A) the trunk and limbs deep sensory conduction path
1． 1. 感受器 Receptors
位于肌、腱、关节、皮肤内。 Muscular, tendon, joint, skin.
2． 2. 第一级神经元 The first order neurons
胞体位于脊神经节内,为假单极神经元。 Cell bodies located in the spinal ganglia, as Pseudounipolar neuron. 其周围突布于感受器内，中枢突经后根进入脊髓后索上行为薄束和楔束，终于薄束核和楔束核。 Sudden cloth around within receptors, central processes after the root into the spinal cord on the behavior of thin beam and wedge beam, and finally a thin wedge nucleus and nucleus.
3． 3. 第二级神经元 The second order neurons
胞体位于薄束核和楔束核。 Soma located gracile nucleus and nucleus wedge. 其纤维交叉后组成内侧丘系，终于背侧丘脑腹后核。 Its constituent fibers cross medial lemniscus finally dorsal thalamic nucleus belly.
4． 4. 第三级神经元 The third order neurons
胞体位于背侧丘脑腹后核，其纤维经内囊投射到大脑皮质感觉中枢。 After the cell body is located in the dorsal thalamus ventral nucleus, the fiber through the internal capsule to the cerebral cortex sensorium projected.
（二）躯干和四肢浅感觉传导路 (B) the torso and limbs shallow sensory conduction path
1． 1. 感受器 Receptors
位于皮肤内。 Located in the skin.
2． 2. 第一级神经元 The first order neurons
胞体位于脊神经节内,为假单极神经元。 Cell bodies located in the spinal ganglia, as Pseudounipolar neuron. 其周围突布于感受器内，中枢突经后根进入脊髓后角。 Sudden cloth around within receptors, central processes after the root into the spinal dorsal horn.
3． 3. 第二级神经元 The second order neurons
胞体位于脊髓后角。 Located in spinal dorsal horn cell body. 其纤维斜升1~2个脊髓节段交叉至对侧上行为脊髓丘脑束，经脑干终于背侧丘脑腹后核。 Its fiber ramp 1 to 2 spinal segments cross to the contralateral spinothalamic tract on behavior, and finally through the dorsal thalamus ventral brainstem nuclei after.
4． 4. 第三级神经元 The third order neurons
胞体位于背侧丘脑腹后核，其纤维经内囊投射到大脑皮质感觉中枢。 After the cell body is located in the dorsal thalamus ventral nucleus, the fiber through the internal capsule to the cerebral cortex sensorium projected.
表11-5 Table 11-5
躯干和四肢深、浅感觉传导路比较 Torso and limbs deep, relatively shallow sensory conduction path
传导路 Conduction path | 深感觉传导路 Deep sensory conduction path | 浅感觉传导路 Shallow sensory conduction path |
第1级神经元位置 Level 1 neurons position | 脊神经节 Spinal ganglion | 脊神经节 Spinal ganglion |
第2级神经元位置 Level 2 neurons location | 薄束核、楔束核 Gracile nucleus, wedge nucleus | 脊髓后角 Spinal dorsal horn |
第3级神经元位置 Level 3 neurons position | 背侧丘脑 Dorsal thalamus | 背侧丘脑 Dorsal thalamus |
|
纤维交叉位置 Fiber cross position | 脑干 Brainstem | 脊髓 Spinal cord |