Let
be a Matrix with Positive Coefficients so that for all , 2, ..., ,
then
has a Positive Eigenvalue , and all its Eigenvalues lie on
the Closed Disk
See also Closed Disk, Ostrowski's Theorem
References
Gradshteyn, I. S. and Ryzhik, I. M. Tables of Integrals, Series, and Products, 5th ed. San Diego, CA:
Academic Press, p. 1121, 1979.