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A Positive value of for which the fact that a number is a Monomorph (i.e., the number is expressible in only
one way as
or
where
is Relatively Prime to
) guarantees it to be a Prime,
Power of a Prime, or twice one of these. The numbers are also called Euler's Idoneal Numbers, or Suitable Numbers.
The 65 idoneal numbers found by Gauß and
Euler
and conjectured to be the only such numbers (Shanks 1969) are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13,
15, 16, 18, 21, 22, 24, 25, 28, 30, 33, 37, 40, 42, 45, 48, 57, 58, 60, 70, 72, 78, 85, 88, 93, 102, 105, 112, 120, 130,
133, 165, 168, 177, 190, 210, 232, 240, 253, 273, 280, 312, 330, 345, 357, 385, 408, 462, 520, 760, 840, 1320, 1365, and
1848 (Sloane's A000926).
References
Shanks, D. ``On Gauss's Class Number Problems.'' Math. Comput. 23, 151-163, 1969.
Sloane, N. J. A. Sequence
A000926/M0476
in ``An On-Line Version of the Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences.''
http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/eisonline.html and Sloane, N. J. A. and Plouffe, S.
The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. San Diego: Academic Press, 1995.