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For a Plane Curve, the tangential angle is defined by
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(1) |
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(2) |
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(3) |
See also Arc Length, Curvature, Plane Curve, Radius of Curvature, Torsion (Differential Geometry)
References
Gray, A. ``The Turning Angle.'' §1.6 in Modern Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces.
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 13-14, 1993.